In impuzandengo yumugabo ukuze hari hafi kimwe cya kane (litiro 4,75) yamaraso, igizwe na kimwe cya 3 (litiro 2,85) za plasma na quarti 2 (litiro 1.9) za selile.
Utugingo ngengabuzima twamaraso duhagarikwa muri plasma, igizwe namazi nibikoresho byashonze, harimo imisemburo, antibodies, na enzymes zijyanwa mumyenda, nibicuruzwa biva mu ngirabuzimafatizo bijyanwa mu bihaha no mu mpyiko.
Uturemangingo twinshi twamaraso dushyirwa mubice nka selile zitukura (erythrocytes), selile yera (leukocytes), na platine (trombocytes).
Ingirabuzimafatizo zitukura ni umubiri woroshye, uzengurutse, ucuramye urimo hemoglobine, imiti igoye itwara ogisijeni na dioxyde de carbone.
Hemolysis ibaho mugihe ururondogoro ruto rukingira ingirabuzimafatizo zitukura zacitse, bigatuma hemoglobine ihungira muri plasma.Hemolysis irashobora guterwa no gufata nabi urugero rwamaraso, ugasiga irushanwa kumara igihe kinini (bitera guhagarara kumaraso) cyangwa gukanda urutoki cyane mugihe cyo gukusanya capillary, kuyungurura, guhura nibihumanya, kurenza urugero mubushuhe, cyangwa mubihe byindwara.
Intego yibanze ya selile yera ni ukurwanya kwandura.Mu muntu muzima, selile yera yitabira kwandura kwinshi mukongera umubare no kurandura virusi.Amashanyarazi ni uduce duto twa selile zidasanzwe zifasha gutembera kw'amaraso.
Plasma cyangwa serumu bishobora gutandukana na selile yamaraso na centrifugation.Itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati ya plasma na serumu nuko plasma igumana fibrinogen (ibice byambaye), ikurwa muri serumu.
Serumu iboneka mu maraso yuzuye atavanze na anticoagulant (imiti ibuza gutembera kw'amaraso).Aya maraso yambaye noneho ashyizwe hamwe, atanga serumu, irimo ubwoko bubiri bwa poroteyine: albumin na globuline.Ubusanzwe serumu ikusanyirizwa mumituku itukura / imvi, zahabu, cyangwa cheri itukura-hejuru, kandi itukura-hejuru itukura rimwe na rimwe.
Plasma iboneka mu maraso yavanze na anticoagulant mu miyoboro yo gukusanya bityo ikaba itambaye.Aya maraso avanze arashobora noneho gushiramo, gutanga plasma, irimo albumine, globuline, na fibrinogen.
Hariho ibintu byinshi bya coagulation (ibintu VIII, ibintu IX, nibindi) bigira uruhare mukwuzuza amaraso.Ubwoko butandukanye bwa anticoagulants bubangamira ibikorwa byibi bintu kugirango birinde kwambara.Anticoagulants hamwe na preservateurs byombi birashobora gukenerwa kubigereranyo bya plasma.Imiti igabanya ubukana cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana igomba gukoreshwa mu kizamini cyateganijwe.Imiti yatoranijwe kugirango ibungabunge ibintu bimwe na bimwe byikigereranyo no gukorana nuburyo bwakoreshejwe mugukora ikizamini.Amaraso yakusanyirijwe hamwe na anticoagulant imwe ikwiranye nikizamini cyasobanuwe ntishobora gufatwa nkibikwiye ibindi bizamini.Kuberako inyongeramusaruro zidashobora guhinduka, birakenewe ko dusuzuma icyitegererezo cyibisabwa kugirango umuntu amenye ibizamini bisabwa kugirango ikizamini cyateganijwe.
